Микробиота и пищевая аллергия

Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Jun;15(3):243-9. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000157.

The role of the commensal microbiota in the regulation of tolerance to dietary allergens.

Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:
We review the evidence that environmental stimuli that perturb naturally selected host-microbe interactions are driving the increasing prevalence of food allergy and examine the mechanisms by which commensal bacteria regulate tolerance to dietary allergens.
RECENT FINDINGS:
Antibiotic use and the consumption of a high-fat/low-fiber diet have a major and rapid impact on gut bacterial populations, with long-term consequences for both overall microbial community structure and the regulation of host immunity. Recent work emphasizes the role of mucosa-associated commensal bacteria in eliciting a barrier-protective response critical to preventing allergic sensitization to food. Murine model studies are informing the development of novel live biotherapeutic approaches as an adjunctive therapy to enhance antigen-specific oral desensitization and to promote lasting tolerance in patients with food allergy.
SUMMARY:
Strategies based on modulating the composition and/or functionality of the gut microbiome hold promise for the treatment of food allergy.